Francesco IV. Duca di Modena…Arciduca d’Austria, e Principe Reale d’Ungheria, e di Boemia [Proclamation by Francis IV, Arch-Duke of the Austro-Hungarian Empire concerning the Jews of Modena].

(ITALY).

Eredi Soliani

Modena

1816

Single-leaf broadside. Topped by coat-of-arms of Austro-Hungarian Empire: Two eagles symbolizing the Dual Monarchy.

With the fall of Napoleon’s relatively benevolent empire in 1814, the Jews of Modena in north central Italy, once again found themselves under Austrian rule with concomitant draconian restrictions: Exclusion from public office, disallowment professional callings, and a prohibition to hold real estate. See Cecil Roth, The History of the Jews of Italy (1946) pp. 445-47.