Tzok Ha’Itim [“Sufferings of the Times”]

(MEIR BEN SAMUEL OF SCHEBRESHIN)

Vendramin

Venice

1656

Plagiarized edition, with the publisher, Joshua Ben David of Lvov purporting to be the author.

Vinograd, Venice 1323; Mehlman 1613.

A contemporary, rhymed account of the Chmielnicki massacres (1648-49) written in Cracow during the summer of 1650. The author personally witnessed the attacks and collected many first-person testimonies shortly after. Though structured in the same style as accounts of the First Crusades, the author is credited with a higher degree of historical accuracy than other 17th-century chroniclers, given his proximity to the events. See EJ, XI col. 1256.