Raphael D’C Lewin. The American-Jewish Ritual As Instituted in Temple Israel, Brooklyn.

Born in the West Indies, Raphael De Cordova Lewin (1844-86) studied for the rabbinate in London and after arriving in the United States served congregations in Shreveport, Louisiana, Savannah, Georgia, and Brooklyn, New York. In the preface of this newly instituted prayer-book Lewin writes that although he has now associated himself with a congregation organized to follow the doctrines and practices of Reform, he did not simply discard the older traditional liturgy, but revised it only where necessary, in accordance with the principles of humanitarian Judaism.