(ANGLO-JUDAICA)

THE SHORT-LIVED JEW BILL OF 1753. In the year 1609 the naturalization of any foreigner settled in England was made contingent on receiving the Sacrament. Although this act was deliberately directed against Catholics, it incidentally would later affect Jews following the Re-Admission of 1653. This disability was lifted by the Whig Government of Henry Pelham in the Act of 1753 to permit persons professing the Jewish religion to be naturalized by Parliament. The Bill was, at best, a limited advantage to the Jews since only the wealthy would have been able to set in motion the machinery necessary to obtain naturalization. Although the measure was accepted unanimously by the House of Lords, it became a pawn in the upcoming general election campaign that resulted in its eventual repeal by the House of Commons. Taking full advantage of the prejudices and fears that the grant of naturalization to Jews had aroused, the Tory opposition fueled the unpopularity of the Act with a pamphlet and broadsheet campaign that warned of an England overrun with Jews. The Whig government was forced by public opinion to give way and the pro-Jewish legislation was duly repealed in the same year that it was enacted. See J. Picciotto, Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History (1956), pp. 73-86; and A. Hyamson, The Sephardim of England (1951), pp.127-8. See also Hyamson, Bibliography of Pamphlets Relating to the Jew Bill of 1753 in: TJHSE, Vol. VI (1908-1910), pp. 178-188, nos. 4 and 72