(ITALY)

AUCTION 19 | Tuesday, March 11th, 2003 at 1:00

Fine Judaica: Printed Books, Manuscripts and Works of Graphic Art

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Lot 111

(ITALY)

Intimatione & notificatione, alli Hebrei qual si trouano in Bolgna, & suo Contado [Decree requiring Jews of Bologna to report to the Authorities and show their permits to remain in the city. Any Jew lacking a permit to carry out trade in the City will be expelled] Single folio leaf. Trace foxed

Bologna: Alessandro Benacci, February 11th 1587

Est: $2,000 - $3,000

PRICE REALIZED $2,100

Bologna was a thriving center of Jewish culture in the fifteenth- and most of the sixteenth-centuries producing leaders of the calibre of Ovadia Sforno and Azariah de Rossi. The fortunes of the Bologna community were irreparably turned however when Bologna reverted to direct papal rule in 1513. From thereon, the community began to suffer from the religious fervor of the Counter-Reformation and the anti-Semitic policies that ensued. In 1553, the Jews of Bologna were confined to a ghetto and in 1569 Pope Pius V expelled the Jews of Bologna. They were readmitted by Sixtus V in 1586, but lived in a state of marginalised oppression as evidenced by this decree. They were expelled again in 1590