SILVER COMPENDIUM FOR HAVDALAH. Germany, last quarter 19th century.

According to Rafi Grafman, "This fine, handsome piece… part and parcel of the general "Historismus" movement in Germany in the 19th century. Its’ workmanship is of a higher standard than is usually seen…" The marks are pseudo-marks, which were acceptable to those who wished to pay homage to earlier styles. In discussing another example of this trend, Professor Grafman further states…"they are tainted by the presence of false hallmarks… The revival of long-past styles … are practices well-rooted in antiquity. In the realm of Judaica, where archaism is often the rule, such nostalgic tendencies are rife." See "Crowning Glory," no. 26, p. 91. "This problematic practice is found on… pewter as well…” See Hanns-Ulrich Haedeke, Nachahmunger von altern Zinn zu Arbeiten der Firma August Weygang in der Art des Historismus, in: Kunst & Antiquitaten, Zeitschrift fur Kunstfreunde, Sammler und Museen II/1977, pp. 45-55; III/1997, p. 45-50.