CASTRO, José Joaquim de. Aviso ao Público.

This document published by the Marrano José Joaquim de Castro is a public notification of his exclusive right to sell the medical formula known as "Agua de Inglaterra," originally granted by the King of Portugal to his father, André Lopes de Castro. The original formula had been invented by the Portuguese Jewish physician Fernão Mendes (d. 1724) and later, another Portuguese Jew, the physician Jacob de Castro Sarmento (1691-1762) further developed the medicine into "Agua de Inglaterra" using quinine from the cinchona trees of Peru. In a monographic study on this medicine and its Jewish inventors, the Portuguese scholar Augusto d’Esaguy mentions that the formula of "Agua de Inglaterra" was especially successful in Brazil. See d’Esaguy, Sobre a "Agua de Inglaterra", Imprensa Médica, 23 (1959), pp. 407-13 and Carlos da Silva Araujo, Fatos e personagems da história da medicina e da farmácia no Brasil (1979) Vol. II, p. 384.